LEADERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

LIDERSHIP AND MANAGEMENT

“Management is responsible for maintaining order; leadership is responsible for producing change or movement.”

The difference between manage and lead is that the first is used  to direct or control the use of; handle, to exert control over, to make submissive to one's authority, discipline, or persuasion.

Obviously, management skills are important. Organizations need the capability of effectively managing the items and resources.

The rub comes when you start thinking about managing people. People aren't budgets or marketing plans. People are a resource in a whole other classification beyond the other resources of an organization.

People won't perform most effectively if they are being controlled or made submissive to authority. Effective management controls complexity

On the other hand, lead show the way by going in advance, to guide or direct a course, to inspire the conduct of. “Influencing, guiding in direction, course, action, opinion”. Effective leadership produce useful change

Types of leaderships:

Transformational leaders: Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their self-interests and achieve exceptional performance. Characteristics: Charisma, Individualized consideration, Inspirational motivation, Intellectual stimulation

Charismatic leaders: A leader’s use of personal abilities and talents in order to have profound and extraordinary effects on followers.

Authentic leaders: A leader who is guided by explicit values that emphasize collective interest, enabling them to operate at high levels of moral integrity. Not egocentric.

Management process

·        Reduces uncertainty

·        Provides stability

·        Components

·        Planning & budgeting

·        Organizing and staffing

·        Controlling & problem solving

Leadership Process

·        Creates uncertainty

·        Creates change

·         Components

·        Setting organizational direction

·        Aligning people with the direction via communication

·         Motivating people to action

·         Empowerment

·        Gratify needs

Do you work in an autocratic, democratic, or consultative work environment? What might be the advantages and disadvantages of each?

I would want to work in a democratic work environment because in this I could participate in the decisions and how employee could be informed about things that affect their work and shares decision making and problem solving responsibilities

Advantages of Democracy: Democracy can provide for changes in government without violence. In a democracy, power can be transferred from one party to another by means of elections. The jurisdiction of the citizens of a nation determines its ruling authority. 

This system prevents monopoly of the ruling authority. The ruling party has to make sure it works for its people for it cannot remain being the authority after completing its term unless re-elected by the people.

This brings in a feeling of obligation towards the people. This results in a feeling of gratefulness towards the people. It can serve as their motivation to work for the people for it is the common masses that have complete power over choosing their government.

Another important advantage of democracy is that the people gain a sense of participation in the process of choosing their government. They get the opportunity to voice their opinions by means of votes. This gives rise to a feeling of belongingness in the minds of the people towards their society.

Disadvantages of Democracy: not all the citizens are fully aware of the political scenario in their country. The common masses may not be aware of the political issues in society. This may result in people making the wrong choices during election.

As the government is subject to change after every election term, the authorities may work with a short-term focus. As they have to face an election after the completion of each term, they may lose focus on working for the people and rather focus on winning elections.

Another disadvantage of democracy is that multitudes can influence people. Citizens may vote in favor of a party under the influence of the majority. Compelled or influenced by the philosophies of those around, a person may not voice his/her true opinion. 

References:

Nelson, D.L. & Quick, J.C. (2010) Organizational Behavior: Science, The Real World and You. South 

Western College Publication, 7th. Ed.

Northouse, P. G. (2001). Leadership: theory and practice. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.

Lee, Jangho, Thomas W. Roehl, and Soonkyo Choe. "What makes managment style similar and distinct across borders? Growth experience and culture in korean and japanece firms." Journal of International Bussines Studies 31 (2000): 631-652. Prin

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